朝鲜鹌鹑黑素皮质素受体1基因多态性及其在不同羽色个体中的表达

Polymorphism and expression of MC1R gene in individuals of different plumage color in Korea quails

通过混合样品DNA测序方法寻找黑素皮质素受体l(MC1R)基因的突变位点,采用Alu1-RFLP对突变位点在4种羽色(栗羽、黄羽、白羽、黑羽)鹌鹑群体中的基因分布进行了研究;利用qRT-PCR技术测定了MC1R基因在12日龄时4种羽色鹌鹑胚胎皮肤组织中的表达情况。结果表明,在鹌鹑MC1R基因上发现1个T/C突变位点,该位点没有导致编码蛋白氨基酸序列改变,A1u1-RFLP分析发现,该突变位点的不同基因型在4种羽色鹌鹑群体间的分布有显著差异(P<0.05)。4种羽色鹌鹑皮肤组织中MC1R基因的表达量存在明显差异,栗羽鹌鹑皮肤组织中该基因的表达量明显高于黑羽鹌鹑皮肤中的表达量(栗羽>黄羽>白羽>黑羽)。本试验没有发现导致日本鹌鹑黑羽突变的Glu92Lys突变位点,表明朝鲜鹌鹑的黑羽突变与报道的日本鹌鹑黑羽突变的机制不同,朝鲜鹌鹑的黑羽可能与其他基因的突变有关。

The melanocortin receptor 1 （MCIR） plays an important role in animal body color regulation. In this stud- y, the mutation of MCIR gene was tested by DNA sequencing using mixed samples. The distribution of allele genes was analyzed in the four groups of quails （chestnut feathers, yellow feathers, white feather and black feather） by Alul-RFLP. The expression of MCIR gene was analyzed by qRT PCR using the skin tissue from four plumage color embryos at 12 days. One T/C mutation was found in MC1R gene,which didn＇t change the amino acid sequences. The distribution of allele genes was analyzed by Alul-RFLP and the results showed significant difference among the four groups of quails （P〈0.05）. The expression of MC1R gene in skin tissues showed significant difference and in chest nut feather quails was significant higher than in black feather quails （P〈0.05）. The Glu92Lys mutation was not found in Korea quails population. This indicated that the mechanisms of black feather may be different between Kore- a quail and Japanese quail. The black feather in Korea quail may be the results of other gene mutations,which is still unknown at present.