论碳排放权交易制度的核心要素

碳排放权交易制度的核心要素包括碳排放权交易的参与主体、碳排放权的取得、行使和消灭四个方面。碳排放权交易的参与主体包括绝对参加者、项目参加者、协议参加者以及自愿参加者。碳排放权的取得有无偿分配和有偿分配两种方式。其中,无偿分配方式划分为基于"祖父法则"的分配和基于"基准法则"的分配;有偿分配方式包括政府定价和拍卖。碳排放权主体可以将碳排放权用于提交、转让、存储和借贷。碳排放权因履行碳减排义务、期限届满以及收回等原因而消灭。

The core elements of trading system of carbon emission right include four aspects of participant main bodies, carbon emission right obtaining, carbon emission right exertion, and carbon emission right extermination. Carbon emission main bodies include absolute participants, project participants, accord participants, and voluntary participants. There are two kinds of allocation approaches for obtaining of carbon emission right including payment approach and free approach. Among them free allocation approach consists of ＂the grandfather rule＂ and ＂standard rule＂ and payment allocation approach include government pricing and auction. Carbon emission right main bodies are allowed to apply carbon emission right to submitting, transferring, saving, and borrowing. Carbon emission right exterminate due to the implementation of carbon emission reduction obligation, expira- tion, and taking back.