合理使用抗菌药物治疗新生儿高胆红素血症

Reasonable use of antibiotics for treatment of hyperbilirubinmia in newborns

目的对新生儿高胆红素血症及病理性黄疸患儿使用抗菌药物进行分析,了解降低新生儿抗菌药物使用率的可能性。方法对2003-2010年医院新生儿抗菌药物使用情况进行分析,前4年设为对照组,后4年设为试验组,对两组间抗菌药物使用率、治疗高胆红素血症及病理性黄疸患儿抗菌药物使用率、医院感染发生率、平均住院日、治疗费用等进行统计处理及分析。结果试验组抗菌药物使用率较对照组下降50.28%;试验组高胆红素血症及病理性黄疸的抗菌药物使用率较对照组下降92.44%;平均住院日、医疗费用、药品费均较前4年明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);医院感染率经统计处理,差异无统计学意义。结论感染仅只是引起新生儿高胆红素血症及病理性黄疸的部分原因,实践表明,绝大多数的高胆红素血症患儿是不需要使用抗菌药物进行治疗。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the use of antibiotics of the newborns with hyperbilirubinemia and pathological jaundice infants and analyze the possibility of reducing the utilization rate of antibiotics. METHODS The use of antibiotics of the newborn from 2003 to 2010 was analyzed, the use of antibiotics of the first four years was set as the control group, the later four years was set as the study group~ the use rates of antibiotics,the use rates of the antibiotics for treatment of hyperbilirubinemia and pathological jaundice in the newborn ,the incidence of nosocomial infections, the average hospital stay, and the treatment costs between the two groups were statistically processed and analyzed. RESULTS The use rate of antibiotics of the study group decreased by 50.28 as compared with the control group; the use rate of antibiotics for treatment of hyperbilirubinemia and pathological jaundice of the neonates in the study group decreased by 92. 44% as compared the control group; the average hospital stay, the medical costs and the drug charges have been significantly decreased as compared with the first four years, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0. 01）; the statistical analysis showed that the difference in the incidence of nosocomial infections was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The infection is in part the cause of hyperbilirubinemia and pathological jaundice in the neonates , practice demonstrates that most of the hyperbilirubinemia neonates are not necessary for the treatment with antibiotics.