权力操作范式的分析与比较

The Analysis and Comparison of Power Manipulations

从认知的视角研究权力已是目前权力研究的主流,但权力的认知研究结果和外部效度均受制于其实验操作范式。对国外现有权力操作范式进行分析,可在促进其完善的同时,更对建构适合中国背景下的权力操作方式有一定的借鉴意义。从对现有主流权力操作范式,即奖惩法、回忆法、信息控制法、具体数值法、BATNA法、语义唤起等方法介绍,以及对其实证应用与检验结果中,可以明显对比出各种范式的优势与不足。现有学者较少意识到该点,使用各范式时不加区分,这引起了各范式在适用研究、多等级操作、相关概念操作等方面的混乱。未来研究仍需从角色分配、区分自我权力与他人权力操作、操作检验等角度,改进现有权力操作范式。

The cognitive researches of power are becoming more important than ever, while findings and validity of researches are still constrained by manipulations in experiments. Analysing the main trends of power manipulation abroad, which can not only promote the studying, but also benefit the construction of indigenous power manipulation. After introducing content in detail and comparing empirical results and application of main power manipulations synthetically, including Reward/Punishment, Recalling, Information Controlling, Figuring, Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement （BATNA）, Semantic Priming etc., obviously, all above have their own advantages, coupling with disadvantages which also ask for necessary consideration. Unfortunately, seldom schloars draw attention about these, leading to some confusion in terms of applicable researches for each paradigm, multi-hierarchy of power and differentiation with similar conceptions. After all, the future research tendencies, including the principles of assigning subject roles, differentiating the manipulation of one＇s own power from others＇ and manipulation checking, were discussed as well.