汉代政府公务“招募”活动研究

A Study on Government Official Recruitments in the Han Dynasty

汉代社会中广泛存在着雇佣关系,此种关系也被汉政府以"招募"的形式大量利用。除募兵外,汉政府在许多经济、政治活动中采用了"招募"的形式,像募凶杀人、募人出使、募人除害等。其薪酬除金钱给付外,还有封王赐爵、赐田宅、赦免罪行等。其有着自己的特点,如带有强制性、种类多样化、报酬多元性及非等价性、主体范围特别大。它们保证了政务活动的顺利实施,加强了社会的稳定,促进了社会经济的发展,优化了社会资源的配置。

There exists a widespread employment relationship in Han dynasty, which is also made good use of by the Han government in the form of ＂recruitments＂. Besides soldier recruitment, Han government has adopted various ＂recruitments＂ in eco-nomic and political activities, to serve as assassinators, diplomats and revenges. In contrast to economic employment, these recruitments have some unique characteristics, such as compulsory obligations, versatile activities, diversified rewards, and non - equivalence between different entities, as well as a wide main body range. They ensure the smooth implementation of many administrative activities, strengthen social stability, promote social and economic development, and optimize the configuration of social resources.