棉花新品种锦科杂1号产量构成因素分析

Analysis on Yield Components of New Cotton Variety Jinkeza 1

为研究棉花新品种锦科杂1号的产量潜力及其构成因素,确定其高产栽培的主攻目标。利用锦科杂1号2006、2007年连续2a全国黄河流域棉区杂交春棉品种区试(C组)及2008年参加全国杂交春棉生产试验的资料,对其栽培密度、产量及产量因素性状进行了偏相关分析、通径分析及多元线性回归分析。结果表明,该品种4个产量构成因素对皮棉产量的直接通径系数依次为密度(0.806 0)>单铃质量(0.640 7)>株铃(0.640 3)>衣分(0.310 4);基于产量构成因素的回归方程模拟,导出不同皮棉产量水平下产量构成因素的指标值,结果显示,皮棉产量从1 300kg/hm2增至2 000kg/hm2,每增产皮棉100kg/hm2,需增加密度429株/hm2、株铃0.25个、单铃质量0.16g、衣分0.45%。其高产栽培应在本试验平均密度(45 000株/hm2左右)的基础上,以力争株铃16～18个、稳定单铃质量(6.2～6.5g)、确保衣分(43%～45%)为主攻方向。

To study the yield potential and its component factors of new cotton variety Jinkeza 1, the author discusses the coordination of yield component factors and determines the main target of its high-yielding cultivation. Based on the data of Jinkeza 1 in the regional experiment （C group） of hybrid spring cotton varieties in the Yellow River Basin in two consecutive years of 2006--2007 and the national production test of cross-bred spring cotton in 2008, this paper analyzes the plan-ting density, yield and yield traits by the methods of partial relation and path analysis and multiple liner regression analysis. It is made clear that the 4 yield component factors can promote the direct path coefficient of the lint yield,ordered as follow, density （0. 806 0）〉boll weight （0. 640 7）〉 bolls （0. 640 3）〉lint percentage （0. 310 4）. Through the regression equation simulation,the index value of the yield component factors is exported at different lint yield levels. The results show that it needs to increase 429 plants/ha in density,0.25 boll per plant in number,0.16 g per boll in weight and 0.45M in lint percentage to achieve each additional 100 kg/ha of lint yield within the total lint yield from 1 300 kg/ha to 2 000 kg/ha. In summary,the high yield cultivation measures aim at striving for 16--18 bolls,stabilizing boll weight （6.2--6.5 g） and ensuring lint percentage （43%--45%） as the main direction based on the average density in this experiment （45 000 plants/ha）.