洛川苹果病害的动态监测

Dynamic Monitoring of Apple Diseases in Luochuan County

研究洛川苹果病害发生规律及其动态监测,对渭北黄土高原果园有害生物生态调控具有指导意义。为此,2002-2010年,在洛川苹果园,通过田间试验与室内试验相结合的方法,对苹果病害进行了动态监测。结果表明,苹果腐烂病有逐年加重之态势,而白粉病的发生表现不同程度的减轻,苹果褐斑病相对平稳,斑点落叶病发生程度为多数年份中度-中偏重,黑红斑点病发病较轻,锈病2010年发生面积较常年增加。该地区果园病害不同年度的发生期和危害程度存在差异。因此,只有根据当年监测结果并结合常年发生情况,才能为该区苹果病虫害的生态调控提供更准确的信息。

Study on the occurrence pattern and dynamic monitoring of apple diseases in I.uochuan county has a great practical guiding significance for orchard pest ecological regulation and mana- gement in Weibei I.oess Plateau. In 2002--2010, the apple diseases in Luochuan apple orchard were dynamically monitored by the methods of laboratory test and field experiment. The results showed that apple canker tended to worsen yearly;apple powdery mildew alleviated in varying de- grees;apple brown spot was comparatively in a steady state;apple rust occured on a larger scale in 2010 than the average year;apple ahernaria leaf spot ranged from the moderate degree to the se- vere degree in most years; red and black spot of apple was in a milder condition. The emergency period and the damage extent of apple diseases differed annually in the areas. Therefore,only com- bination of the annual and long term dynamic monitoring results could provide exact information for ecological regulation of apple pests and diseases.