复合材料层板的抗贯穿机理与模拟研究

Research on anti-perforating mechanism and simulation of composite laminates

为了研究树脂基纤维增强复合材料层板的抗侵彻贯穿机理和动态力学行为与抗侵彻毁伤的关系,通过球形破片模拟弹贯穿实验表征了复合材料层板抗高速侵彻的吸能特性;通过高速摄影技术分析了层板贯穿过程的瞬态变形失效特点;采用CT扫描成像及SEM电镜分析等手段研究了复合材料层板的抗贯穿破坏耗能模式。实验结果显示,高速冲击下层板抗贯穿吸能与入射速度成正比;高速侵彻过程是复合材料层板高应变率变形的动态过程,高应变率动态力学行为对复合层板抗贯穿吸能特性影响显著;冲击波在层板中的传播特性决定了不同破坏模式阶段的划分以及损伤区域的范围。基于复合层板高速贯穿下的动力学瞬态分析,建立了复合层板抗高速侵彻吸能的两阶段动态破坏模型,模型计算值与实验值符合良好。研究结果表明,应变率效应与惯性效应在复合材料层板抗侵彻性能分析中是不可忽视的2个关键因素。

In order to investigate the anti-penetration mechanism and the relationship between dynamic behavior and anti-perforation performance of fiber reinforced polymer composites（FRP）,the experiment which sphere fragment simulated projectiles penetrate composite laminates was conducted to characterize the anti-perforation absorbing energy property.The characteristic of instantaneous deformation and failure was analyzed by high speed photography,and the anti-penetrating energy dissipation model of composite laminates was investigated by CT and SEM scanning techniques and other methods.The results show that the anti-perforation absorbed energy of laminates under high velocity impact is proportional to impact velocity,the process of penetrating laminates under high velocity is a course of dynamic deformation under high strain rate for composite,and that dynamic mechanical behavior under high strain rate has a remarkable influence on the anti-perforation absorbed energy of laminates.At the same time,the propagating characteristic of shock waves in FRP determined the partition of different phase of failure model,and determined the failure zone of laminates.Based on dynamics instantaneous analysis of penetrating process at high velocity,the two-stage dynamic failure model of anti-perforating absorbed energy was established,and the model agreed well with the experimental results.It indicated that the strain rate effect and the inertia effect should not be ignored in the research of anti impact performance of FRP.