地面三维激光扫描仪数据的误差分析

Error Analysis for Data of Terrestrial 3D Laser Scanner

针对三维激光扫描技术应用中的误差问题,简要分析了三维激光扫描仪的误差来源,从理论上详细分析了单点点位误差、坐标分量误差与距离、竖直角、水平角之间的定量关系,归纳总结了误差的分布规律;鉴于三维激光扫描最终数据处理对象的最小单元为位于同一个面上的点云数据,采用了Trimble-GX三维激光扫描仪进行了扫描试验,通过对不同距离、不同扫描角度的扫描结果进行平面拟合,分析了拟合面精度与扫描距离、角度、扫描物表面粗糙程度的关系。

A brief analysis of 3D laser scanner＇ s error source is made based on its fundamental principle. The detailed analyses of the quantitative relations between single point error, coordinate component error and distance, vertical angle, and horizontal angle are made theoretically, and the error distribution rule is also summarized. Since the minimum termi- nating process unit in 3D laser scanning system is the point-cloud data on the same plane, the Trimble-GX 3D laser scan- ner is used to make the scanning experiment. By fitting the plane with diverse distances and scanning angles, the rela- tions between the fitting accuracy with the distance and angle as well as the toughness of the scanned plane are analyzed at last.