“抬杠”现象的语用学研究

A Pragmatic Study of ‘Taigang’

本文要研究的"抬杠"是人们日常交往中一种十分有趣的"逆说"现象,然而学界对其关注甚少。本文探讨抬杠现象的语用特征、触发条件,并结合相声《抬杠》梳理其基本实现方式。通过对其进行语用学思考我们发现,抬杠是一种反模糊、弱关联、非合作以及唯自我的强势操控行为。抬杠现象的研究从反面揭示了言语交际基本规律与话语理解的本质,同时有助于理解语言使用者的创新性与语用制约因素之间的互动关系。

＇Taigang＇, namely verbal wrangling in English, is an interesting pragmatic phenomenon in human communi- cation, which remains almost untouched in the field of linguistics. The present paper attempts to explore in turn the pragmatic features, triggering conditions, and linguistic manifestations of verbal wrangling. A critical reflection from a pragmatic perspec- tive suggests that verbal wrangling is essentially a speech event characterized by fuzziness-resistance, weak relevance, non- cooperativeness and egocentricism. It is concluded that study on verbal wrangling facilitates our understanding of the rules and nature of verbal communication and also sheds some light on the interplay between the creativeness on the part of language users and the socio-pragmatic constraints.