快速培养法与实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测肺炎支原体的对照研究

Control study of rapid culture method and real-time of FQ-PCR method for detecting mycoplasma pneumoniae

目的探讨快速培养法和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(FQ-PCR)法检测肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)的异同。方法对2011年1～12月住院的218例疑似肺炎支原体肺炎患儿采集咽拭子,同时用快速培养法和实时FQ-PCR法检测MP。结果快速培养法与实时FQ-PCR法诊断肺炎支原体肺炎的灵敏度、阳性预测值、假阴性率及诊断符合率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);实时FQ-PCR法诊断肺炎支原体肺炎的特异度明显高于快速培养法,假阳性率明显低于快速培养法,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二者联合检测的灵敏度、阴性预测值及诊断符合率分别为93.8%、90.7%和90.8%,均高于快速培养法和实时FQ-PCR法(P<0.05);假阴性率为6.2%,明显低于快速培养法和实时FQ-PCR法(P<0.05);联合检测的特异度为86.7%,明显高于快速培养法(P<0.05)。结论两种方法的敏感度差别不大,而实时FQ-PCR法的特异性优于快速培养法。应用这两种不同方法学原理的检测方法组合检测,取长补短,在提高肺炎支原体感染检出率的同时,还可以互相佐证,减少实验误差,提高检测的准确性。

Objective To explore the rapid culture method and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （ FQ-PCR）, to detect the similarities and differences of the Mycoplasma pneumoniae （MP）. Methods collecting 218 cases of suspec- ted Myeoplasma pneumoniae throat swabs and rapid culture method and real-time of FQ-PCR method detection of Myeoplasma pneu- moniae in our hospital from January to December in 2011. Results The sensitivity,positive predictive value, y false negative rate and diagnosis in line with the rate of Rapid culture method and real-time of FQ-PCR had no significant differences （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; the speci- ficity of real-time of FQ-PCR was higher than rapid culture method, the false positive rate was significantly lower than the rapid culture method ,the difference was statistically significant（P 〈0.05 ） ;sensitivity, negative predictive value and diagnostic coincidence rate of the joint detection was respectively 93.8% ,90.7% and 90.8% ,higher than the rapid culture method and real-time of FQ-PCR method （P 〈 O. 05 ） ;false negative rate was 6.2%, significantly lower than the rapid culture method and real-time FQ-PCR method （P 〈 0. 05） ;the specificity of the joint detection was 86.7%, significantly higher than rapid culture method （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The sensitivity of the two methods has no significant difference, the specificity of real-time of FQ-PCR method is better than rapid culture method. The joint detection of these two methods can improve the Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection detection rate, reduce experimental error and improve detection accuracy.