老化油泥处理过程中的微生物群落变化特征

Dynamic Properties of Microbial Communities during the Treatment of Aged Oil Sludge by Field-Scale Biopiles

通过在油田现场构建2个中试规模的生物堆(秸秆添加堆和对照堆)对老化油泥进行处理,运用BIOLOGTM系统对油泥中微生物群落水平的生理特性进行分析,测定其微生物代谢活性、代谢多样性及代谢特征差异性,以研究堆体各层次间微生物群落代谢特征的变化规律.结果表明,与对照堆相比,秸秆添加堆的多项生理特性指标均得到显著提升,其中微生物代谢多样性指数变化范围由1.64～3.02升至2.83～3.29,并且表现出时间上的稳定性和空间层次间的均质性;在微生物碳源代谢特征的差异性分析中,对照堆各层次随时间推移表现出向其外层顺次变化的规律;油泥中总异养菌及石油烃降解菌的数量与环境温度关联性较强,石油烃降解菌的数量在试验末期取得峰值,达4.15×107CFU/g.

Two field-scale biopiles （bulking agent addition and control） were constructed to explore the dynamic properties of the microbial communities in an oil field dring the treatment of aged oil sludge. A BIOLOGTM system was used to analyze the community level physiological parameters, i.e. microbial metabolic diversity activity, diversity and variance. In comparison with the control, the community level physiological parameters of the treated biopile were dramatically improved： the range of microbial metabolic diversity indices was improved from 1.64-3.02 in the controlled biopile to 2.83-3.29 in the treated biopile. The stability through the whole experimental period and the homogeneity among layers were also studied in the treated biopile. Analysis of metabolic variance showed that in the controlled biopile, the microbial metabolic characteristics tended to evolve to that of the next outer layer over time. In addition, the numbers of petroleum degrading bacteria and total heterotrophic bacteria were strongly correlated to the environmental temperature, and the maximum number of petroleum degrading bacteria （4. 15 × 10^7CFU/g） was achieved at the end of the trial.