青海藏区强奸犯罪立法变通的理论考量

A Theoretical Reflection on the Legislation Accommodation of Rape in Tibetan Regions of Qinghai Province

受传统文化习俗影响,青海藏区社会舆论对强奸行为的社会反应明显不如其他地区强烈,并且,在强奸案件的处理过程(主要是定罪和量刑过程)中,民族习惯法与国家法均呈现被害人地位缺失、"话语权不足"的特点。通过民族地区刑法变通的实施,可改善这一不足。从理论上来考量,对青海藏区的强奸犯罪进行定罪变通是可能的,但无论是从法益侵害性角度还是从规范违反性角度审视,对强奸犯罪的定罪变通,其可能的空间并不大。最后,刑法变通与罪刑法定原则、"司法变通"之间的关系也应从理论上予以澄清。

Influenced by the special culture and customs, ＇the response towards rapes and their criminal punishments in customary laws and public opinion is not so strong than in other areas. In relation, the processes of conviction of rape in ethnic customary laws and state laws are characterized by absence of the victim＇s identity and voice. There is little room for legislation accommodation of rape by examining it on the two positions of violating legal interests and violating norms. Also, the relationship among the criminal legislation accommodation, the principles of prescribing crimes and penalties with criminal law and the ＂judicature accommodation＂ should be clarified in theory.