城市自生性民间组织:特征呈现及其结社形式——以上海青年自组织为中心的组织社会学透视

The Urban Automatic Folk Organizations:Characteristics and Their Association Form——The Sociology Perspective of Taking Shanghai Youth Self Organization as the Center

城市自生性民间组织是指在城市社会中由个体通过自我成立、自我运作、自我发展而演化形成的社会组织形式。当前城市自生性民间组织的成长发育,已逐步体现出它与"依附式发展第三部门"作为一种"他组织"系统所不同的"自组织"特质,而表现为它的原生性、草根性、非正式性、开放性、在线性、活力性、聚散性和非稳定性。受制于外部环境及其自身判断,当下城市自生性民间组织又有着多样性的结式形式,包括了松散型、社团民非型、社会企业型和单位内部型,这些多样性结社形式背后所体现的是自生性民间组织面对社会环境所做的适应性选择。面向城市自生性民间组织的兴起,需要进行相应的政策调整:一是要在全国层面进一步推广降低社团民非成立门槛的做法,以实现国家和社会间的信息对称性;二是,推动成立民间组织评估机构以外部监督的方式构筑新型的民间组织管理体系;三是,根据自生性民间组织的"自组织"特点,以"放养"、支持型政策为政策重心而加强对自生性民间组织的扶持。

In current time, the growth and development gradually shows its characteristics as a ＂self organization＂, of urban automatic folk organization has been which is different from ＂the third sector＂ as ＂he system＂. Native, grass-roots, informal, open, online, vitality, scattered-congregated and non-stability are the main characteristics. The urban automatic folk organizations＇ development depends on the external environment and their own judgment, and has a diversity of the resultant forms, including loose, community and the private non-enterprise units, people, social enterprise and non type internal type. Behind these diversity association form, is the embodiment of urban automatic folk organization choosing for the social environment. So facing the urban automatic fork organization, we should adjust our policy.