早产儿颅脑CT表现及临床意义

Brain CT findings and clinical significance of preterm infant

目的探讨早产儿颅脑CT表现及临床意义。方法选择2011年1月～2012年3月我院妇产及康复科执行"婴幼儿感觉统合训练对早产脑损伤儿智能发育的研究"项目期间被排除的正常早产儿28例,采用低射线剂量多层扫描方法观察、测量其脑组织密度、形态。结果早产儿脑皮层灰质薄,脑回少,脑沟浅,额颞部尤其明显。脑白质CT平均值随胎龄增大而增高,平均值为(15.3±2.0)Hu;28～30周早产儿有5例、31～33周有2例出现生发层;侧脑室随胎龄增大而变小,而第三、四脑室变化不大;23例可见透明隔间腔;27例均表现硬膜窦增高密度影,呈边缘清楚锐利化。结论充分了解早产儿正常颅脑CT表现和脑损伤特征,可有效提高判断早产儿颅脑CT正常(或)异常的准确率,减少或避免误诊、漏诊。

Objective To investigate the brain CT findings and clinical significance of preterm infant. Methods To choose 28 cases of excluded normal preterm infant from the project ＂infant sensory system integration training taking effect on the intellectual development of the brain injured preterm infant＂ in department of gynaecology and department of rehabilitation from January 2011 to March 2012. By the use of low-ray dose and multi-layer scanning method to observe and measure the brain tissue density and shape. Results Preterm infant＇s cerebral cortical gray matter were thin, gyri were less, sulci were shallow, especially the frontotemporal. The average white matter CT increased with the increasing of gestational age, average （15.3±2.0） Hu; 5 cases of 28-30 weeks preterm children, 2 cases of 31-33 weeks had germinal layer; lateral ven- tricle decreased with the increasing of gestational age. Little changes in the third and fourth ventricle; 23 cases of visible transparent compartment chamber; 27 cases showed higher density of dural sinus opacity with a clear edge sharpening. Conclusion To fully understand normal brain CT findings brain injury characteristics of preterm infant can effectively im- prove the accuracy whether the preterm infant＇s brain CT is normal or abnormal, so to reduce or avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.