程序式居家护理对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者肺功能及生活质量的影响

Influence of program home care on pulmonary function and life quality of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase

目的探讨程序式居家护理对老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者肺功能及生活质量的影响。方法选取我院2008年2月～2011年7月收治的老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者86例,将其随机分为两组,采用常规护理患者43例为对照组,采用程序式居家护理患者43例为观察组。比较两组患者护理干预24周后肺功能指标和生活质量。结果观察组肺功能指标第1秒用力呼出量(FEV1)和第1秒用力呼出量占肺活量比值(FEV1/FVC)均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组呼吸困难0、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级分级情况均明显好于对照组,各个级别相比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。观察组生理功能、生理职能、身体疼痛、总体健康、活力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康、健康变化的SF-36评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论程序式居家护理可以明显改善老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者的肺功能,提高患者的生活质量,是一种安全有效的护理方法,值得临床推广使用。

Objective To investigate the influence of program home care on pulmonary function and life quality of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase. Methods 86 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase were selected in our hospital from February 2008 to July 2011, who were randomly di- vided into two groups. 43 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase used conventional nursing care in the treatment as the control group. 43 elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase used program home care in the treatment as the observation group. Pulmonary function and life quality of two groups were compared after nursing intervention for 24 weeks. Results The pulmonary function indices FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the difference was statistically signifi- cant （P 〈 0.05）. Dyspnea scale grade 0, grade Ⅰ , grade Ⅱ, grade Ⅲ, grade Ⅳ in the observation group were significantly bet- ter than those in the control group. When each level was compared, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. The SF-36 scores of physiological function, physiological functions, physical pain, general health, vitality, so- cial functioning, emotional functioning, mental health, health changes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The program home care can significantly improve pulmonary function of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase, which can also improve life quality of elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable phase. That is a safe and effective nursing methods, which is worthy of clinical use.