社会危害性理论的当代角色——以犯罪概念的流变为进路

Contemporary Role of Social Harmfulness Theory:Based on the Concept of Crime

社会危害性在不同类型的犯罪概念下扮演着不同的角色,发挥着迥异的功能,这是正确认识、检讨现行社会危害性理论必须全部审视的因素。在形式的犯罪概念下,社会危害性虽然没有名义上的法律地位,但无论在刑法理论上还是在刑事司法实践中都发挥着解释犯罪的功能;在实质的犯罪概念下,社会危害性充当维护社会秩序的角色,因无节制地膨胀而上升为认定罪与非罪的唯一标准的高度;在当代混合的犯罪概念视野下,社会危害性理性回归到人权保障的角色,在刑事司法实践中发挥着个案矫正的功能。

Social harmfulness plays different roles according to different concepts of crime and the function is also different. According to the formal concept, even if social harmfulness doesn＇ t possess nominal position, it gives scope to explanation of crime both in theory and practice. According to the virtual concept, it can safeguard so- cial order and sometimes be regarded as unique standard to be used to declare guilty or innocent. According to the contemporary mixed concept, social harmfulness can be used to ensure human rights, in judicial practice, it can rectify some case.