“两种眼光”下的康德的自在之物

Kant's Thing-In-Itself in "Two Perspectives"

康德将自在之物同时置于"思辨的"与"非思辨的"两种眼光之下,这两种眼光本身都包括着积极的认识论意义。在思辨的眼光下自在之物可区分为感性刺激物、本体、理念规定的超验对象三个类别,它们本身虽然是不可知的,但却是人类认识得以可能的基础,即都具有"先验性"。在非思辨的眼光之下,自在之物是完全可知的,这种可知性建立在理智直观的基础之上,理智直观是人类感性直观的本源。

Kant puts thing - in - itself under two perspectives, i.e. the speculative perspective and non - speculative perspective; both of which have positive significanees in epistemology. Under the speculative perspective, thing-in-itself can be divided into the perceptual stimuli, the noumenon, and the transcend-ent objects of ideas. Though all of them are unknowable, they are the very ground that makes human＇s knowledge possible, namely the transeendentality. Under the non-speculative perspective, thing - in - it-self is entirely knowable, which is grounded on the intellectual intuition, the origin of human beings＇ per-ceptual intuition.