结合楚简重论芍陂的创始与地理问题

On Quebei's Origination and Its Geographical Issue Based on Bamboo Slips of Chu

包山楚简表明,战国中期楚在东方有一个经济区名曰"啻苴之田",是楚王新大厩所在,其范围当今固始县以东、霍邱淮水以南、六安以北、定远以西的地方。"啻苴"的合读接近于"鹊"音,与秦汉时期的芍陂之芍的读音、地理范围正相当,与孙叔敖修造的诸陂塘分布范围也接近。而清华简记载楚国灵、平、昭王皆都于亳州之南的乾溪之上,结合文献记载知此时芍陂一带得到较好开发,并成为楚平、昭王"马政"之属地。芍陂灌区还可以推到春秋后期,这已接近孙叔敖的时代。过去认为芍陂始建者是春秋时期的孙叔敖,颇有道理,而战国后期某人修造说则完全不能成立。

The bamboo slips of Chu in Bao Mountain indicate that there was an economic area named ＂field of Chiqie＂ which was directly under the jurisdiction of King of Chu in interim Warring States. It now includes east of Gushi, south of Huoqiu＇s Huai River, north of Luan, west of Dingyuan. The pronunciation of ＂Chiqie＂is similar to ＂Que＂ from Quebei and it＇s also similar to Quebei＇s pronunciation and geographical ex-tent, and distribution range of various ponds constructed by Sun Shuao. The bamboo slips of Tsinghua re-corded that King Ling, Ping, and Zhao all made the capital besides to Qian Brook in south of Bo. Consider-ing from literary records, Quebei developed to be King Ping and Zhao＇s Horse Government possession.Theappearance of QueBei irrigation area could be traced back to the later period of the Spring and Autumn which was already close to Sun Shuao＇s period. The former conclusion is somewhat reasonable that the founder of Quehei was Sun Shu＇ao, hut the theory that someone found it in later period of Warring States is completely untenable.