水处理对芋生长及产量的影响

Effects of Water Treatments on Growth and Yield of Taro [Colocasia esculenta(L.) Schott]

为阐明水旱环境和深水胁迫对芋生长和产量的影响,选用1个绿柄多子芋品种江汉芋,设计缸栽试验,采用4个处理,即浅水栽培、旱地栽培、7月上旬和8月下旬分别采用深水胁迫20 d后恢复浅水栽培,各处理重复3次,比较芋在各种处理下的生长状况及产量。试验结果表明,水处理对芋叶片叶绿素含量的影响差异不显著,表明芋对水旱生态环境有一定的适应能力;水生环境使芋的叶片数减少,根变短,使母芋质量增大,子孙芋总质量变小,球茎总质量减小,芋形指数增大,延缓和阻碍干物质从上一级球茎向下一级球茎的分配和积累。深水胁迫处理的时期越晚,变化趋势越明显。芋宜旱栽,在栽培过程中应保持充足的水分供应。

To explain the effects of aquatic and xeric ecological environments and deep water stress on the growth and yield of taro [Coloeasia eseulenta （L.） Schott], a bowl experiment including four treatments was designed by using the green-petiole taro euhivar Jianghanyu with numerous cormels as material. The four treatments were shallow water cultivation, xeric cultivation, and 20 days~ deep water stress in the first ten-day period of July and last ten-day period of August and then being regained the shallow water cultivation. The results showed that there were no significant differences among the water treatments on the chlorophyll content in leaves, which indicated that taro had both adaptability to aquatic and xeric ecological environments. In the aquatic environment, the leaf number and root length of taro reduced, with the yield of corm increased, the yield of eormels and total yield of corm and cormels reduced, the index of corm and cormels enlarged, and the distribution and accumulation of dry matter delayed and blocked. The later the deep water stress treatment carried out, the more obvious the above changing trends were. Taro should be cultivated in drylands, in addition, enough water should be supplied in the cultivation.