NKT语义研究的现状及反思

A Review of Semantic Studies of NKT

自然种类词项(natural kind terms,以下简称NKT)属于通名,是衔接语言哲学和形而上学研究的纽带,指称则是NKT揭示世界的方式。在对经典名称语义理论的反思中,诉诸语用学解决语义问题成为NKT语义研究的一个趋势。从现有科学研究对于NKT语义研究的挑战来看,NKT语义研究与NKT所指对象的认知密切相关,有必要从认知的角度重新审视NKT语义研究,给出一个兼有本质认知与解释力两个方面特征的NKT语义解释。

Natural kind terms （henceforth NKT） are general terms. They are what can be used in learning of both philosophy of language and metaphysical studies, and referring is the way NKT revealing the world. In reviewing classical semantic theories of names, appealing to pragmatics to solve semantic problems has becoming a current choice. Seen from the challenge served by scientific studies, semantic studies of NKT must be followed with epistemic thinking about the objects referred by NKT. It is necessary to review epistemically the semantic studies of NKT, and give semantically an interpretation of NKT which is on the basis of thinking both the eognation of essence and the force of explanations.