科技创业人才的属性特征述评与环境弹性模型构建

The Discussion of Attributes & Characteristics of the Technology Entrepreneurial Talents and the Establishment of Environment Elasticity Model

科技创业人才作为一个群体,研究分析其属性与特征,有助于深入了解群体自身的成长规律,探寻群体与经济社会环境相互作用的内在规律,为科技创业人才开发提供科学指导。现有的创业研究主要关注三大方面:创业者特质、创业组织成长和创业环境,而在创业者对创业环境的能动作用方面研究较少。运用文献归纳等综合分析方法,认为科技创业人才具有四大本质属性(遗传性、社会性、资本性和创造性)和三大基本特征(知识特性、经济活性和事业韧性)。运用类比法,提出创业环境弹性概念,构建并分析了科技创业人才四面体特征模型和环境弹性函数,强调科技创业人才对环境的能动作用,弥补了现有创业研究的不足。结果表明,环境弹性与知识特性、经济活性、事业韧性存在正相关关系。通过设计科技创业人才创业认知问卷,给出了特征模型的量化赋值方法,为深化研究科技创业人才特征模型奠定了基础。

Research on the attributes and characteristics of technology entrepreneurial talents as a group contributes to obtain deep insights into the growth pattern of the groups themselves, and to explore the internal law of the interaction between groups and economic and social environment, so as to provide scientific guidance for the development of technological entrepreneurship talents. The existing research, mainly focus on three aspects： the characteristics of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial environment, and entrepreneurial organization growth, Whereas less research on the initiative function of entrepreneurs on entrepreneurial environment. Based on comprehensive methodologies including literature summary, the paper puts forward that technology entrepreneurial talents have four essential attributes of genetic, social, capital properties and creativity and three basic characteristics of knowledge, economic activities and toughness of career.Based on that, the paper advances the concept of the entrepreneurial environment elasticity through analogy, builds tetrahedron feature model and environmental elasticity function of technology entrepreneurial talents, and deems the environment elasticity of technology entrepreneurial talents positively correlates to the knowledge property, economic property and toughness of career, and quantifies the assignment methods through the design of entrepreneurial cognition questionnaire, so as to lay the foundations for further research on the feature model of technology entrepreneurial talents.