对清代“盐引”的法律特征分析

Analysis on Legal Nature of Salt Coupon in Qing Dynasty

在中国古代社会中,"盐引"是作为盐务制度中国家与盐商之间法律关系的书面凭证而存在。通过对清代"盐引"的实际运转流通情况的考察,并结合目前学界提出的几种比较重要观点,可以看出,清代"盐引"的内在特征在于它代表的是国家特许经营权,表现形式则体现出强烈的行业垄断性,并具有规范交易的功能和一定的信用证的性质。

In ancient Chinese society , Salt Coupon existing as a written certificate of the legal relationship between the Government and Salt merchant. By integrating some important views presented by academic at present, as well as explaining the correlative concepts about the salt coupon from commercial and economic jurisprudence angles, the salt coupon has some laws natures included national commercial franchising, and the function of normal business, and letter of credit.