高龄患者髋关节置换术后贫血的原因分析及护理策略

Cause of Anemia and Correlative Nursing Care in Senility Patients after Hip Arthroplasty

目的分析高龄患者髋关节置换术后贫血的原因,探讨相应的护理措施。方法回顾性分析2007年～2010年在本院骨外科接受髋关节置换术的47例老年患者的临床资料,分为高龄组(≥70岁)和非高龄组(<70岁),比较两组患者术中失血量、术后可见失血量、隐性失血量、总失血量及手术前后(Hb)、贫血例数等指标。结果高龄组术中失血量、术后可见失血量显著低于非高龄组(P<0.001),隐性失血量显著高于非高龄组(P<0.001),术后贫血例数高于非高龄组(P<0.05)。结论高龄患者髋关节置换术后隐性失血量较多,更易发生贫血,护理人员应加强围手术期的观察和护理,降低贫血发生率。

Objective To analyze the cause of anemia in patients after hip arthroplasty and to explore correlative nursing intervention. Methods 47 patients undergoing hip arthroplasty in our hospital from 2007 to 2010 were reviewed, they were divided into elderly group （I〉 70 years old） and non-elderly group （〈70 years old）. Intra-operative blood loss, post-operative visible blood loss, hidden blood loss, total blood loss, perioperative hemoglobin and number of anemia were compared. Results The average volume of intra-operative blood loss and extra- operative blood loss were significantly lower in elderly group than in non-elderly group （P〈0.001）; the hidden blood loss was signifi- cantly higher in elderly group and in non-elderly group （P〈0.001）; the incidence of anemia in elderly group was higher than in non-elderly group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion More post-operative hidden blood loss can be found in patients over 70 years old after hip arthroplasty, so as to the incidence of anemia. The perioperative nursing care and observation should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of anemia.