儿童急性下呼吸道感染病毒病原学分析

Analysis of viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection among children

目的分析儿童急性下呼吸道感染(Acute low er respiratory infection,ALRTI)病毒病原学特点。方法我院自2009年1月至2012年1月收治的ALRTI患儿共1045例。采用逆转录(RT)-PCR方法检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、鼻病毒(RV)、甲型流感病毒(IFA)、乙型流感病毒(IFB)、副流感病毒(PIV)1～4型、偏肺病毒(hMPV)、腺病毒(AdV)、冠状病毒(HCoV)、肠道病毒(EV)、博卡病毒(HBoV)。分析各病毒检出情况,病毒感染与年龄的关系,以及病毒感染与季节的关系。结果①儿童下呼吸道感染病毒检出以RSV(29.38%),RV(18.56%),PIV(8.32%),IFB(8.04%),HBoV(8.04%),AdV(7.08%),EV(4.59%),HCoV(1.15%),hMPV(0.77%),IFA(0.48%)。②病毒感染阳性率6月至1岁(95.05%),1-3岁(84.14%),>5岁(76.71%),3-5岁(74.75%),0-6月(70.26%)。病毒感染与年龄的关系具有统计学上的显著性意义(P<0.005)。③冬季97.19%,春季(88.78%),夏季(84.4%),秋季(66.67%)。季节病毒阳性感染率具有统计学上的显著性意义(P<0.001)。结论病毒病原检测在儿童急性下呼吸道感染中占有重要位置,RSV,RV为主要病毒病原,在6月至1岁年龄发检出率最高,冬季检出率最高。

Objective To Analysis of virul pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection among children.Methods We analyzed 1045 cases who had Acute lower respiratory infection（ALRTI）in our department from January 2009 to January 2012,all cases were given reverse transcription to detect the virus of RSV,RV,IFA,IFB,PIV1~4,hMPV,AdV,HCoV,EV,HBoV.Results ①The detection rate of the lwer nespiratory tract infection of children is RSV（29.38%）,RV（18.56%）,PIV（8.32%）,IFB（8.04%）,HBoV（8.04%）,AdV（7.08%）,EV（4.59%）,HCoV（1.15%）,hMPV（0.77%）,IFA（0.48%）.②The masculine rate of virus and age were significant differences（P〈0.001）,6 month^1 year（95.05%）,1~3 years（84.14%）,〉5 years（76.71%）,3~5 years（74.75%）,0~6 months（70.26%）.③The masculine rate of virus and age were significant differences（P〈0.001）,Winter（97.19%）,Spring（88.78%）,Summer（84.4%）,Autumn（66.67%）.Conclusion Virues predominate in the etiology of pediatric ALRTI of Child,and RSV,RV are the main viruses for ALRTI,Viral infection-associated ALRTI shows a prevail in the age group of 6 months to 1 year as well as in winter.