论不作为犯罪的作为义务来源

On the source of obligations of negative crime

不作为犯罪的义务来源是不作为犯罪理论的核心问题,然而我国刑法并没有明确规定那些义务可以成为不作为犯罪的作为义务,学界对此也存在颇多争议。不作为犯罪的义务来源包括:法律明文规定的作为义务;职务或业务上要求的作为义务;法律行为引起的作为义务;先行行为引起的作为义务。一般的道德不应成为不作为犯罪的义务来源,而重大道德的却可以。

The source of obligations of negative crime is the core issue in crime law theory. However our crime law doesn t define which obligations can be used as obligations of negative crime definitely. There are controversies about this issue in academic circles. The source of obligations of negative crime includes ： the obligations stipulated in law, required by obligations or business, arose from the legal act and obligation and antecedent actions of the first act, voluntarily obliga- tions and contractual obligations. In special occasions the obligations arising from order and good customs or public moral- ity should also become the source of obligations.