不同采摘方式和施肥措施对茶鲜叶机械组成的影响

Effects of Different Picking Ways and Fertilization Application on Mechanical Compositions of Fresh Tea Leaves from Fuding Tea Plantation

[目的]研究不同采摘方式和施肥措施对茶鲜叶机械组成的影响,从而了解茶园实行机采后茶青原料和品质的变化,为在贵州茶园推广机械化采摘奠定基础。[方法]在福鼎茶园设置3种施肥水平,分别采用3种不同的采摘方式,分析测定各采摘方式和施肥措施下茶鲜叶的机械组成变化。[结果]随着施肥量的增加,优质芽叶的百分比上升,3倍施肥比对照的优质芽叶数量百分比提高了55.45%;在同一施肥水平下,机采比手采后优质芽叶的百分比提高。[结论]在贵州福鼎茶园,夏秋季使用机械采摘,可以减少劳动力投入,而且充分利用了茶青原料,能提高产业效益。

[ Objective] The purpose was to study different picking ways and fertilization application on mechanical compositions of fresh tea leaves from Fuding Tea Plantation to know the changes of raw materials and their quality tea picking by machinery and to lay a basis for tea mechanical picking in Guizhou plantation. [ Method] Three fertilizer levels in Fuding tea plantation were set, fresh tea leaves were picked by three different ways, the changes in the mechanical compositions of fresh tea leaves under these picking ways and fertilization were analyzed and determined. [ Result] The results showed that the percentage of high - quality tea leaf increased with the increasing in fertilizer, the number percentage of high - quality tea leaf increased 55.45 % in the three times fertilization than the control; in the same fertilization level, high - quality tea leaf was more when aphcresis than the hand collected. [ Conclusion] In Fuding tea plantation of Guizhou, using mechanical harvesting in summer and autumn can reduce the labor input, full takes advantage of the fresh tea leaves and raw materials, than improve industrial efficiency.