籼型水稻光敏核不育系1892S选育及其应用研究

Study on the Breeding of Indica Rice PGMS Line 1892S and Its Application

[目的]为籼型光敏核不育系1892S的推广应用提供理论依据。[方法]介绍1892S的选育经过、育性表现、特征特性、配组及高产栽培技术。[结果]1892S是安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所用培矮64S的变异单株选育的中籼光温敏核不育系,2004年8月通过安徽省技术鉴定。1892S不育期间败育彻底,不育性稳定,不育株率100%,花粉不育度和套袋自交不实率均为99.97%;不育起点温度较低(23.5℃),在合肥不育期30 d以上;开花习性好,异交结实率高达60%以上;对白叶枯病和稻瘟病的抗性分别为中抗和抗;米质优,达国标GBPT 17891-1999优质稻谷3级标准;所配组合杂种优势强,其中皖稻153于2005年1月通过了安徽省品种审定,2008年2月通过广西省引种认定,2008年4月通过国家审定,2009年通过湖北省品种审定;徽两优3号2007年3月通过安徽省审定;徽两优6号2008年4月通过安徽省审定,2012年报国家审定;两优996,2012年报国家审定。[结论]不育系1892S适宜选配中籼组合,应用前景十分广阔。

[ Objective ] To provide theoretical basis for the popularization of indiea rice PGMS line 1892S. [ Method ] The breeding process, fertility performance,characteristics,and high-yield cultivation technique of the 1892S were introduced. [ Result] 1892S is the indiea rice PGMS line bred from the mutant 64S by the Rice Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and has past the technical identification of Anhui Province in August ,2004. It is completely aborted during the infertile period, the sterility is stable, and the rate of sterility is 100% ,both the pollen sterility and the bagged self-sterility percentage were 99.97% ; the initial temperature of sterility was low （23.5 ℃ ）. When the infer- tile period is above 30 d,the flowering habits of 1892S are good, and the ontcross fruiting rate is higher than 60% ; it shows medium and high resitance to bacterial blight and rice blast,the rice quality has reached the national standards GBPT 17891 - 1999 for class 3 excellent rice. The compounded groups present strong hybrids advantages,among them Wandao 153 has been approved through Anhui crops variety examination in January ,2005, and been identified for introduction in Guangxi Province in February ,2008, it has also successfully past the national examination in April ,2008, and past the Hubei crops variety examination in 2009 and been recommended for further examination; Huiliangyou No. 3 is certificated through Anhui crops examination in March ,2007 ,Huiliangyou No. 6 has been approved through Anhui crops examination and has been sent for national examination in 2012; Liangyou 996 is also sent for national examination in 2012. [ Conclusion] 1892S has broad application prospect.