空间分析基本问题与主要内容的探讨

Review on Spatial Analysis Issue

空间分析是地理信息系统的核心之一,是当前研究的热点.在回顾空间分析起源的基础上,从几个角度给出空间分析内涵的理解;指出空间分析涉及的几个基本问题,包括地理空间性、空间自相关、空间尺度与空间抽样.在此基础上,论述了空间分析的主要研究内容,即空间位置分析、空间自相关、空间插值、空间回归分析及空间分析中的模型与模拟研究.最后展望了空间分析下一步发展,认为空间分析不仅需要在强化基础理论研究,亦当在地理信息服务的过程中,充分结合地理信息系统技术、数据挖掘技术及空间决策支持系统研究,为人口、资源、环境及公共健康等重大问题的决策提供科技支撑.

Spatial analysis has been one core concept of Geographic Information Systems and one of the hotspots. After the review the different concepts of spatial analysis, the paper pointed out the key issues, including geography spatial characteristics, spatial autocorrelation, spatial scale and spatial sampling. The paper redefined the types of spatial analysis, which evolved the following items, spatial location, autocorrelation, interpolation, regression, models and simulations. Spatial analysis have been driven into the tide of future development,with the urgent needs of breakthroughs in basic theoretical research and geographic information services to the people interest-related. The technologies of geo-visualization, geographic knowledge discovery will strengthen the power of spatial analysis to solve the complex adaptive systems in the research of geographic context.