高岭土诱导大鼠脑积水模型的建立和监测

Kaolin - induced hydrocephalus in the rat： temporal sequence of changes in weight, intracranial pressure, ventriculomegaly and corpus callosum thickness

目的高岭土诱导Wistar大鼠脑积水后系统监测大鼠体质量、颅内压、脑室面积和胼胝体厚度的改变。方法雄性Wistar大鼠60只，按随机数字表顺序分为实验组（n=40）和对照组（n=20）。实验组40只大鼠再随机分为A、B、C、D、E五个亚组，向枕大池内注入25％无菌高岭土混悬液0．1ml；对照组注入等量无菌生理盐水，注入后3d、1周、2周、4周和8周后行体质量、MRI检查及颅内压监测，经视交叉切片测量胼胝体厚度。结果实验组共有23只大鼠脑室不同程度的扩大，侧脑室随时间延长逐渐扩大；脑积水大鼠体质量明显低于对照组；颅内压在高岭土注入后3d明显增高，7d左右达峰值，8周时颅内压有所下降，但仍明显高于正常值；胼胝体厚度随脑室扩张逐渐变薄。结论高岭土注入枕大池可成功诱导建立大鼠交通性脑积水模型，脑积水后大鼠体质量、颅内压、脑室扩张和胼胝体厚度呈一系列连续的变化，不同时间窗各有特点。

Objective To develop models of kaolin - induced hydrocephalus in adult Wistar rats and to measure changes of body weight, intracranial pressure, ventriculomegaly and corpus callosum thickness. Methods 60 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the former group, 40 rats were randomly separated into 5 subgroups ： group A, B, C, D and E, then were used to construct animal models of hydrocephalus by injecting 0. 1 ml volume of 25% kaolin sterile solution into the cisterna Magana with the aid of a surgical microscope. Controls were treated in the same way with injection of saline. Body weighing, MRI and ICP were performed at the time point of 3 days, 1,2,4 and 8 weeks after kaolin injection, respectively. Corpus callosum thickness was measured at the level of the optic chiasm. Results Hydrocephalus was induced in 23 rats whose ventricular system expanded as times went on. In hydrocephalus rats, body weight was significantly lower than in age - matched saline - injected sham controls, ICP increased rapidly on day 3 post intracisternal kaolin injection, reached a maximum on day 7 , remained markedly elevated through 8 week, and had reduced corpus callosum thickness as ventricle enlargment. Conclusions Kaolin injection through cistern magna can effectively eatablish a rat model of communicating hydrocephalus. Alterations in ICP, ventrieulomegaly and corpus callosum thickness occurs sequentially, and the time - course of each manifestation of hydrocephalus differs.