东方戏剧学的开山之作——《舞论》研究

Pioneer Works of Oriental Dramaturgy: A Research on Natyasastra

《舞论》(Natyasastra)是印度最早的关于戏剧与表演艺术以及相关主题的一部著作,在印度的文化中相传为一位叫婆罗多(Bharata)或婆罗多牟尼(Bharatamuni)的人所作,成书年代大约在公元前2世纪至公元2世纪。《舞论》确切地应翻译为《剧论》或《戏剧论》。在梵语中,Natya一词原始意义指舞蹈,衍生义为戏剧,兼有舞蹈和戏剧的两重含义。该著作并非舞蹈学专著,只是部分涉及作为戏剧表演组成部分的舞蹈。《舞论》对戏剧艺术的起源、性质、功能、表演和观赏进行了全面论述,虽然说这部著作有戏剧百科全书之称,是东方戏剧学的经典,但迄今为止,中国还没有一个全译本,对其研究主要集中在文学创作方面。

Natyasastra is the first masterpiece about drama, art of performance and the related themes, finished by Bharata or Bharatamuni in Indian history, from 2 century 13. C to 2 century A.D. Natyasastra is translated into Julun （On drama）. In Sanskrit, Natya means dancing originally, and develops into drama which means dancing and drama. This masterpiece is not a dancing monograph, just partly including dancing as drama performance. Natyasastra refers to the origin characteristics, function, performance and appreciation of drama, and it gives an overall description of art of drama. Although this masterpiece can be called encyclopedia of the drama, the classic of oriental theater studies, so far, there is not a complete translation version in China. The current research of it mainly concentrates on literature innovation.