云南昭通高氟区改灶降氟后氟斑牙患病情况调查

Survey of the Incidence of Dental Fluorosis in High Fluoride Areas of Zhaotong,Yunnan Province after Stove Changing and Decreasing of Fluorine

目的:调查云南省昭通煤染型高氟区改灶降氟后氟斑牙患病情况,为地方性氟中毒的防治提供参考。方法:参考第3次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查的基本方法与诊断标准和Dean氏氟牙症分类标准,对云南昭通高氟地区改灶降氟前出生的35～44岁成人和改灶降氟后出生的12岁学生,进行氟斑牙及口腔健康状况抽样调查,调查数据用SPSS15.0软件进行统计学分析。结果:受检人群总体氟斑牙患病率为91.0%,氟牙症指数为2.58。35～44岁人群氟牙症检出率为100.0%,中、重度氟斑牙者占总数的87.50%,氟牙症指数为3.49,12岁学生氟牙症患病率为86.5%,中、重度氟斑牙者占总数的47.25%,氟牙症指数为2.12,两组间比较有极显著差异(P<0.01)。在12岁学生组中,无性别差异,但存在城乡差异(P<0.05)。结论:改灶降氟后云南昭通高氟区人群氟斑牙患病率降低,病情程度减轻,但仍属氟斑牙中度流行区域。建议在改灶降氟的前提下,将健康宣传教育、科学管理和经济文化水平的提高纳入地方性氟中毒的综合防治措施之中。

Objective： To survey the incidence of dental fluorosis in coal polluted high fluoride areas of Zhaotong, Yunnan province after stove changing and decreasing of fluorine. The result will give us reference of prevention of endemic fluorosis. Methods： Using the methods and diagnostic criteria of the third national oral health epidemiological sample survey and Deaffs dental fluorosis classificationas as reference, we give sample survey to the dental fluorosis and oral health status of 35--44 years--old people born before stove changing and decreasing of fluorine and 12 years--old students born after stove changing and decreasing of fluorine. Give questionnaire survey of 30 % of people in each group, about their using of coal, their living habit, stove changing status, their knowledge of prevention of endemic fluorosis and their oral hygiene behavior. Use SPSS 15.0 to do the statistical analysis of the survey data. Re- sults： The total prevalence of dental fluorosis of these people was 91.0%, and dental fluorosis index was 2.58. The detection rate of dental fluorosis in 35--44 years--old group was 100 %, and moderate to severe dental fluorosis rate in this group was 87.50%, dental fluorosis index was 3.49. Prevalence of dental fluorosis in 12 years--old students group was 86.5%, moderate to severe dental fluorosis rate in this group was 47.25%, dental fluorosis index was 2. 12, there were significant differences between the two groups（P〈0.01）. At the age of 12 students group, no gender differences, but there are urban and rural differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Prevalence rate and severity of dental fluorosis in high fluoride areas of Zhaotong decreased after stove--changing and fluorine decreasing, but these areas still belong to moderate dental fluorosis epidemic areas. It is suggested that in the premise of stove changing and descreasing of fluorine,we use these measures such as health education, improvement of scientific management and economic and cultural levels together in order to prevent endemic fluorosis.