磷细菌筛选及其对苗期玉米生长的影响

Isolation and screening of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria and its effects on seedling growth of corn

从潮土、水稻土、砂姜黑土、石灰土上植物根际土壤和根中分离了86株磷细菌,通过NBRIP液体摇瓶培养3 d,培养液水溶磷质量浓度为4.2～387.3 mg.L^-1,水溶磷质量浓度与培养液pH呈显著负相关（r^2=0.621 6）。筛选出3株磷细菌进行玉米盆栽试验,结果表明,1株磷细菌处理的玉米干物质量和吸磷量与对照（处理4）相比无显著差异,2株磷细菌处理的玉米干物质量和吸磷量与对照相比有明显增加,干物质量增加了19.6%～37.5%,吸磷量增加了22.7%～40.2%,其中编号为HCW115解磷菌株的效果相当于施用无机磷（P）10 mg.kg^-1处理。

Eighty-six strains of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria（PSB） were isolated from rhizosphere soil and plant root in paddy soil,meadow soil,black clay soil and limestone soil.After 3-day incubation in a liquid medium NBRIP,soluble phosphorus（P） in the cultures of strains was 4.2-387.3 mg.L^-1,and there was significantly negative correlation（r^2=0.621 6） between pH and the soluble P in the cultures of strains.The effects of three strains of PSB（HCW036 PSB,FSJ218 PSB and HCW115 PSB） were tested in a pot experiment.The results showed that the dry weight and P uptake of corn seedling in BCW036 PSB treatment was not significantly different from the control（CK）.The dry weight of corn in HCW115 and FSJ218 PSB treatments were increased by 19.6% and 37.5% compared with CK;while the P uptake were 22.7%-40.2% higher than that of CK.All the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The effect of HCW115 PSB treatment on corn was almost equal to that of 10 mg P kg-1treatment.