北京市某社区知识份子健康状况及相关因素研究

Study on health status and related factors of Intellectual in a certain community in Beijing

目的:研究北京市某社区知识分子人群健康状况及相关影响因素。方法:采用整群分层抽样方法,按照辖区人口5%的比例,抽取2467名该社区的知识分子人群进行问卷调查,并对该人群进行为期2年的健康行为干预研究。结果:干预前,该社区知识分子人群的两周患病率为28.62%,两周就诊率为18.71%,慢性病患病率为31.26%;慢性病前5位分别是高血压(25.01%)、高脂血症(19.90%)、肥胖症(10.99%)、糖尿病(8.23%)和冠心病(7.13%);32.18%的知识份子存在各类心理健康问题,26.47%的知识份子需要心理康复与干预治疗。干预后,两周患病率下降至23.28%,吸烟、酗酒、久坐、饮食不均衡,三餐无规律、超负荷工作等不良生活和工作方式有所改善,健康意识明显增强。结论:社区知识份子人群健康状况较差,慢性病危险因素与饮食习惯、生活环境和健康行为形成等相关;通过健康教育与健康促进行为干预能有效降低慢性病患病率。

Objective： To study the health status of a community of intellectuals in Beijing and its related factors.Methods：Using stratified cluster sampling method, in accordance with the ratio of 5% of the population of the area to extract the 2467 community high school or college degree or above residents conducted a questionnaire survey and the crowd for a period of two years of health behavior intervention research. Results Before the intervention, the intellectuals of the community population prevalence rate 28.62%, two weeks treatment was 18.71%, 31.26% of the prevalence of chronic diseases; chronic diseases, the top five were hypertension （22.32%）, fat hyperlipidemia （19.90%）, obesity （10.99%）, diabetes （8.23%） and coronary heart disease （7.13%）; 32.18% of the intellectuals, there are various types of mental health problems, 26.47% of the intellectuals in need of psychological rehabilitation and intervention. After the intervention, the prevalence rate dropped to 23.28%, smoking, alcohol, sedentary, unbalanced diet, irregular meals, work overload, bad living and working has improved significantly enhanced health awareness. Conclusions： the intellectuals population health status is poor in the community, chronic disease risk factors and their eating habits, living environment and health behaviors and other related; intervention can effectively reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases and mortality through health education and health-promoting behaviors.