陈白沙“勿忘勿助”功夫的历程与内涵——兼论陈白沙儒学与禅学价值观之不同

Discourse and Connotation of Chen Baisha's Art about "No Forgetting and No Helpping"——Differrence between Chen Baisha's Confucianism and Doctrine of Chan

"勿忘勿助"是陈白沙儒学体证的核心功夫,"勿忘"是提撕唤醒的功夫,"勿助"是祛除私欲的功夫。主静或静坐是陈白沙体证功夫的主要形式,"敬"与"一"是陈白沙体证功夫的两个核心概念。在陈白沙实现心与理的凑泊之前与之后,"勿忘"指向的对象有所不同。陈白沙的"勿忘"功夫指向善、仁、理,是实,禅学的坐忘指向空;陈白沙的"勿助"功夫是祛除私欲,禅学的体悟工夫是一种私意安排,因而陈白沙儒学的价值观与禅学的价值观有本质的不同,关于陈白沙的"流禅说"是没有根据的。

＂No forgetting and no helpping ＂ is the core art of Chen Baisha＇ s Confucianism studies. ＂No forget- ting＂ is the art of awaking and ＂no helpping＂ is the art of getting rid of selfish motives. Sitting still is the principal form of Chen Baisha＇ s Confucianism studies. ＂Veneration＂ and ＂one＂ are the core concept of Chen Baisha＇ s com- prehension art. ＂No forgetting＂ points to different objectives before and after Chen Baisha achieved the connection of heart and truth. Chen Baisha＇ s ＂no forgetting＂ art points to kindheartedness,good and truth ;it is substance ;sit- ting still of Chan points to emptiness;＂ no helpping＂ art of Chen Baisha is to getting rid of selfish motives, while doctrine of Chan is a kind of selfish arrangement, therefore, the Confucianism studies of Chen Baisha is different to the doctrine of Chan in intrinsic quality. It is no foundation that the Confucianism studies of Chen Baisha is equal to the doctrine of Chan.