林区瞭望台监测网点选址研究

Research on observation network settings in forest area

以广州白云林区为研究对象,根据瞭望台监测网点设立的原则,利用GIS可视域分析和模糊数学方法,对广州市白云区2010年更新的全要素地形图和森林资源分布图进行处理分析,得到以下结论:(1)瞭望台选址影响因子为可视面积、火险等级、林区社会经济情况、台址周边交通与水资源等因子,其中可视面积的权重最大,为0.333,而水资源和社会经济因子的权重较小,均为0.125。(2)6个备选瞭望台建设的紧要性顺序为O5>O6>O1>O2>O3>O4。(3)实际上白云林区在O5已有瞭望台,实验结果与实际情况基本符合,拟新建的瞭望台应选择O6或O1附近。这种GIS支持下的瞭望台模糊选址技术可以在满足台址选择条件的情况下,增加瞭望台的观测面积,减少资金投入,为瞭望台监测网点的选址决策提供科学依据。

According to the layout principles of observatory monitoring network, by taking Guangzhou Baiyunshan forest region as studying objective, and using GIS analyzing visibility and fuzzy mathematics, the total elements topographic map and forest resource distribution map of the region renewed in 2010 were analyzed and planned. The conclusions are as followings： （1） the effecting factors of site selection of observatory consist of visual range area, fire danger class, social economic conditions, traffic and water sources near the watch platforms, among them the maximum weight of visual range area is 0.333, and the weights of water sources and social economic conditions are relatively small, both are 0.125. （2） The urgency order of the 6 alternative observatory sites to be constructed is 05〉06〉 O1〉 02〉 03〉 04. （3） In fact, there have been an observatory in site 05, the selecting result and constructing order have been presented, the proposed new observatory should be built near site 06 or O1. Ths fuzzy observatory site selection method supported by Glye can increase the observation area, reduce capital investment, and provide e scientific basis for observation network site selection decision- making under the condition of meeting platforms requirements.