影响油松人工林土壤质量的关键指标

Study of key? indexes affecting soil quality in Pinus tabulaeformis plantations

为探讨影响油松人工林土壤质量的关键指标,分别对28～31年生、42年生和53年生油松人工林0～10 cm、10～20 cm、20～50 cm土层土壤物理性质、化学性质及生物活性进行测定和分析。结果表明:(1)不同林龄土壤的物理和化学性质存在显著差异,随林龄的增加,土壤水分、养分和交换性能逐渐增加,而容重却下降了10.69%～12.41%;(2)不同林龄土壤生物活性存在一定差异,除多酚氧化酶外,过氧化氢酶、脲酶和微生物数量均随林龄的增长而增加;(3)土壤养分、交换性能及酶活性随土层深度的增加逐渐减低;(4)主成分分析结果显示,土壤含水量、毛管孔隙度、有机质、盐基饱和度以及微生物数量可解释83%以上的土壤信息,可作为影响油松人工林土壤质量的关键指标。

In order to approach the key indexes affecting soil quality in Pinus tabulaeformis plantations, the soil physical and chemical properties and bioactivities were investigated on 0 - 10 cm,10 - 20 cm and 20 - 50 cm horizontal layers in 28 - 31-year-old,42- year-old and 53-year-old P tabulaeformis plantations. The results are as followings： （1） the differences of soil physical and chemical properties among different ages P tabulaeformis plantations were significant, the soil＇s water content, nutrient and exchange properties increased with the rise of forest age, but the volume weight of soil reduced by 10.69% - 12.41%. （2） there existed differences of bioactivities in different age forest soil, catalase content, urease content and microbial quantity increased with forest age, except polyphenol oxidase. （3） the soil＇s nutrient, exchange properties and enzyme activities decreased with the depth of soil. （4） the results from principle component analysis reveal that soil water content, capillary porosity, soil organic matter, base saturation and microbial quantity could explain more than 83% of the information of soil, so they can be considered as the key indexes affecting soil quality in Pinus tabulaeformis plantations.