牙周膜细胞松质骨基质支架复合移植促进牙周组织再生的研究

Periodontal regeneration enhanced by the application of cancellous bone matrix scaffolds seeded with periodontal ligament cells

目的观察牙周膜细胞(PDLCs)接种松质骨基质(CBM)支架复合移植对牙周组织再生修复的影响和意义。方法将体外培养的狗自体PDLCs接种到CBM三维支架上,体外进行细胞计数和扫描电镜观察,并植入狗人工牙周组织缺损处,表面覆盖聚四氟乙烯膜(e-PTFE),以单纯翻瓣组和只覆盖e-PTFE组作为对照。术后8周对动物组织标本进行组织学观察和测量,分析比较各组牙周组织的再生情况。结果 PDLCs在CBM支架材料上形成良好的贴附并增殖,扫描电镜可见CBM具有良好的多孔网状结构,细胞在CBM上生长旺盛,伸展充分。自体PDLCs/CBM/e-PTFE膜复合植入组较单纯翻瓣组和e-PTFE组有更多的新生牙槽骨、新生牙周膜和新生牙骨质生成,且未见上皮长入。结论 PDLCs接种松质骨基质支架复合移植能更有效地促进牙周组织再生和重建,CBM有望用作牙周组织工程的支架材料。

Objective To evaluate the effect of application of cancellous bone matrix（CBM） scaffolds seeded with periodontal ligament cells（PDLCs） on periodontal regeneration. Methods Dog PDLCs cultured in vitro were collected and seeded on the three-dimensional framework of CBM. The cell growth in the scaffolds was observed by cell counting and scanning electron microscope. Then the PDLCs/ CBM composites were transplanted into man-made periodontal defects covered with e-PTFE membranes. The groups covered with nothing or only with membranes served as control. The dogs were sacrificed after 8 weeks and the periodontal regeneration was observed by histology. Results Cells adhered and proliferated on the CBM scaffolds, and scanning electron microscope showed the porous structure of CBM and the eugonic growth of cells in CBM scaffolds. The PDLCs/ CBM / membranes group exhibited more new bone, new periodontal ligament and new cementum occupying the majority of the defects than the control group. Conclusion The transplantation of PDLCs/ CBM composites could enhance the periodontal regeneration, and CBM could be used as the scaffold material for periodontal tissue engineering.