具有药物活性的离子液体

Ionic Liquids in Pharmaceuticals

离子液体阴阳离子的可设计性使其具有可控溶解性、独特表面活性、高热稳定性、增强的生物利用率和生物活性,这些特点使离子液体在消除同质多晶现象、改变药物传输模式及可包含传统药物组分等方面具有优势,成为当前离子液体研究领域的热点之一。本文对离子液体在医药领域的应用做了全面的阐述,主要介绍了近十年来离子液体在活性药物组分、抗菌剂及除草剂方面的成果,探讨了当前存在的问题及研究方向,并对其应用做了展望。

In order to solve the problems associated with the solid form of conventional pharmaceuticals including polymorphic conversion, low solubility, low bioavailability, and the tendency of amorphous forms to spontaneously crystallize, the liquid form pharmaceuticals have attracted much attention. Recent developments of ionic liquids （ionic liquids are loosely defined as salts with melting points below 100℃） might prove beneficial. Ionic liquids exhibit controlled solubility, unique surface activity, high thermostability and enhancement in bioavailability or bioactivity, which make ionic liquids have the advantage of elimination of polymorphism, new delivery options, or having customized pharmaceutical cocktails. In some cases, an active cation and an active anion can be combined to produce a liquid possessing dual functionality. These make ionic liquids have the possibility of being used in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this mini-review is to summarize the recent development of ionic liquids as active pharmaceutical ingredients, antimicrobial agents and agricuhure chemicals, and discuss the existing problems and the future research of ionic liquids in pharmaceuticals.