我国麻类作物种质资源保护与利用研究进展

Research Progress in Conservation and Utilization of Bast Fiber Crops Germplasm in China

总结了我国麻类种质资源在收集保存、繁殖更新、鉴定评价和分发利用等方面的最新进展。10年来,新增麻类种质697份,保存资源数量增至9764份,居世界第1位;繁殖更新麻类资源5343份次,基本解决了麻类资源安全保存和供种等问题;完成农艺性状、经济性状及特性鉴定6543份次,筛选出麻类优异种质296份;向全国50家单位分发种质4296份次,资源利用效率大幅提高。并针对当前存在的问题,提出了下一步工作的明确目标和任务。

The latest progress in collection,conservation,propagation,renewal,identification,evaluation,distribution,and utilization of bast fiber crops germplasm in China has been summarized in this paper.In the past ten years,697 accessions of bast fiber crops germplasm were collected from the domestic or introduced from abroad.The number of collected bast fiber crops germplasm has been reached to 9764 accessions,which ranked the first in the world.5343 accessions of genetic resources were multiplied and regenerated,which insured safety preservation and supply of seeds.296 accessions of superior germplasm were identified and selected through identification and evaluation of agronomic characters,economic characters for 6543 times.4296 accessions of germplasm were distributed to 50 institutions in China,which greatly improved the utilization efficiency of germplasm.Based on the current status and existing problems of bast fiber crops germplasm,some specific objectives and tasks of bast fiber crops germplasm for the next stage were pointed out in this paper.