《遗传资源获取与惠益分享的名古屋议定书》核心内容解读及其生效预测

Core Contents Interpretation of Nagoya Protocol on Genetic Resources Access and Benefit-sharing and the Prediction of its Entry into Force

《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会第十次会议通过的《生物多样性公约关于遗传资源获取和公平公正地分享由遗传资源利用产生惠益的名古屋议定书》是实现《生物多样性公约》确保公平公正的分享因利用遗传资源而产生的惠益目标的里程碑式文件,将从多个方面对国际社会产生影响。对议定书进行解读、分析和评估对于决定是否签署和批准议定书至关重要。根据分析,议定书核心内容分为遵守、公平公正的惠益分享、遗传资源的获取、术语、范围、特殊考虑和与遗传资源相关的传统知识等7个方面。本文对这些核心内容进行了解读,分析了其影响,预测了议定书生效的可能性,并提出了应对措施。

Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Sharing from Their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity was adopted by the 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity is a milestone document which is going to ensure fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources—one of the objectives of Convention on Biological Diversity,and to affect international society from many aspects.Interpretation,analysis and assessment of the protocol is critical for decide whether to sign and ratify the protocol.In this article,seven core contents of the protocol,including compliance,fair and equitable benefit-sharing,access to genetic resources,use of terms,scope,special considerations,and traditional knowledge associated with genetic resources were interpreted,analysis of its impacts and the predictions of its entry into force were given,and countermeasures were concluded.