母亲焦虑抑郁和控制接纳对中小学生社交焦虑的影响

Effect of maternal anxiety,depression, acceptance and psychological control on students＂ social

目的了解中小学生社交焦虑情况，并深入研究其与母亲各因素之间的关系，为学生的心理健康提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法，抽取哈尔滨市某区4所小学的5年级和4所中学的6，7年级共1526对母亲一学生为对象，学生完成儿童社交焦虑量表、安全量表、应对方式量表、接纳量表、心理控制量表，母亲完成流调中心用抑郁量表和焦虑自评量表。结果学生社交焦虑检出率为13．6％，男女生社交焦虑检出率无显著性差异）（Ｐ〉0．05）；6年级学生的检出率明显高于5和7年级。母亲控制、母亲抑郁、母亲焦虑因素与学生社交焦虑呈显著正相关（r=0．228，0．143，0．122），母亲接纳与学生社交焦虑呈显著负相关（r=-0．214）；母亲控制、母亲接纳、母亲抑郁对学生社交焦虑回归系数分别为1．557，-1．092和0．040。结论母亲对学生心理控制程度过高、接纳程度过低以及母亲的焦虑抑郁情绪均可对学生社交焦虑的发生起到促进作用。

Objective To determine the current students＂ social anxiety status and maternal factors in school students （grade 5-7） in Harbin, and provided scientific guidance relevant to students＂ social anxiety. Methods 1526 mother-child pairs collected by random cluster sampling,children completed the social anxiety scale for children （SASC） , security scale, coping strategies questionnaire（ consist of ambivalence and avoidance subscale） , acceptance scale and psychological control scale, and mothers completed the center for epidemiologic studies depression inventory （CES-D）, self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）. Results The total positive detection rate of social anxiety was 13.6%, there was no significantly difference between boys and girls （P 〉 0.05 ） ; the positive detection rate of Grade 6 was higher than Grade 5 and Grade 7. There were positive correlation between social anxiety and mother psychological control, mother depression, mother＇s anxiety（ r = 0. 228,0. 143,0. 122） ; negative correlation with mother＇s acceptance（ r = -0. 214）. Linear regression indicated that only three variables （mother psychological control, mother acceptance, mother depression） were at the P 〈 0.05 level. The regression coefficients for the three variables were 1. 557, - 1. 092 and 0. 040, respectively. Conclusion Maternal highly psychological control,lowly acceptance and maternal anxiety depression all play a role in promoting the occurrence of students＂ social anxiety.