上海市闵行区居家养老老人的生命质量及其影响因素

Quality of life of elderly person in aged-care at home and influencing factors in Shanghai NRnhang district

目的了解居家养老老人生命质量及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样方法抽取上海市闵行区3个镇1个街道的居家养老老人，用健康状况调查简易量表（sF-36）进行调查，采用单因素、多因素统计方法进行数据处理。结果该地区老年人生命质量情况为：躯体功能（PF）（43．63±30．04）分，躯体角色（RP）（55．57±48．96）分，肌体疼痛（BP）（81．75±20．49）分，一般健康状况（GH）（42．07±18．84）分，生命力（VT）（58．57±18．96）分，社会功能（SF）（66．94±26．79）分，情感角色（RE）（73．33±43．33）分，心理健康（MH）（70．92±19．02）分，加权平均分为（61．60±21．06）分。影响居家养老老人生命质量的因素有疾病（冠心病、脑血管意外），非疾病（每天是否外出散步、孤独感、居住面积、性别、对目前生活满意度等）。结论居家养老老人生命质量中一般健康状况和躯体功能维度欠佳情况较为突出。疾病、每天是否外出散步、孤独感、对生活满意度等是影响生命质量的主要可控因素。

Objective To understand the quality of life and influencing factors of elderly person in aged- care at home. Methods The elderly person in aged-care at home in 3 towns and a street of Shanghai Minhang District were enrolled by stratified cluster sampling. To investigate quality of life for elderly person by adopting SF-36 form. Meanwhile, to find out the principal influencing factors on quality of life by adopting both single-factor and multiple-factor analysis. Results The score of life quality of senior citizen in local was as following：43.63 ± 30.04 （ Physical Function） ,55.57 ± 48.96 （ Role Physical）, 81.75 ± 20.49 （ Bodily Pain）, 42.07 ± 18.84 （ General Health） ,58.57 ± 18.96 （Vitality） ,66.94 ± 26.79 （ Social Function） ,73.33 ± 43.33 （ Role Emotional） ,70.92 ± 19.02 （Mental Health）,61.60 ± 21.06 （Weighted average）. There were two aspects of the factors that influencing elderly persons the quality of life ： disease-related （ coronary heart disease, cerebrovaseular accident） and non-disease-related （whether to go out for a walk every day, loneliness, living space, gender and on the current life satisfaction etc）. Conclusion Quality of life of elderly person in aged-care at home is relatively low, special in the general health and physical function dimensions. The controllable factors are diseases, whether to go out for a walk every day, loneliness, on the current life satisfaction etc.