儿童青少年拒绝上学原因问卷的编制及信效度检验

School refusal reason inventory for children and adolescents：development, reliability and validity

目的编制一个适合我国儿童青少年拒绝上学原因的问卷，并检验其信度和效度。方法依据临床访谈以及查阅文献资料编制拒绝上学原因问卷初测版。在门诊进行小样本预测验，经定性分析与项目分析结果形成正式版问卷。采用整群抽样的方法，在沈阳市及其周边农村选取7所学校的在校学生完成拒绝上学原因问卷（SchoolRefusalReasonInventory，SRRI）、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表（SCARED）和儿童抑郁量表（CDI）。间隔1个月随机选取部分学生进行重测。对所得数据进行描述性统计、探索性因子分析以检验SRRI的信度和效度。结果项目分析显示所有题项与总分的相关系数均〉0．3，且均达到显著性水平；题项的决断值（cR值）均〉3。探索性因子分析得到教养方式、教师因素、同学关系、分离焦虑、学习态度和学习环境6个因子，因子负荷值为0．372—0．848。各个因子的内部一致性信度分别为0．827，0．831，0．759，0．623，0．821，0．808，重测信度为0．644（P〈0．01），与SCARED的相关系数为0．273—0．434，与CDI的相关系数为0．353—0．497。结论在我国文化背景下，本研究所编制的拒绝上学原因问卷符合心理测量学的测量指标，具有良好的信度和效度，可以用于了解儿童青少年拒绝上学的原因。

Objective To develop school refusal reason inventory（SRRI） for children and adolescents in China and assess its reliability and validity. Methods The primary SSRI was made based on clinical interviews and literatures. Pretest was carried out in a small sample from a clinic. Then the final SSRI was developed after qualitative analysis and item analysis. SRRI, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders （SCARED） and Child Depression Inventory（CDI） were administered to school refusers from 7 schools in Shenyang. All the schools were selected from Shenyang City and its countryside by cluster sampling. Some of the students were retested after one month. Descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis were carried out to examine the reliability and validity of SRRI based on all the data. Results Item analysis indicated correlation coefficients between all the items and the total marks were higher than 0.3, and they were significant. All the critical ratios of the items were higher than 0.3. The 43 items were divided into six factors （ educational modality, factor of teachers, relationship with classmates, separated anxiety, study attitude and study environment） by exploratory factor analysis. The factor loading values were 0.372 - 0. 848. The cronbach＇ a of each factor was 0. 827,0. 831,0. 759,0.623,0.821 and 0. 808. Retest reliability was 0.644 （P 〈 0.01 ）. Its correlation coefficient with SCARED was 0. 452 and 0. 548 with CDI. Conclusion According to Chinese cultural back ground,the SSRI corresponds with psychometric indexes. There are good reliability and validity. It is helpful to understand the reasons of school refusal behavior in children and adolescents.