教育效能和结构对西部地区贫困减缓的影响研究

Effective Education,Education Structure and Poverty Reduction in Western China

文章通过构建理论模型,分析了教育效能、教育结构与贫困减缓的关系,并利用2000～2010年西部地区省级动态面板数据进行了实证检验。结果表明,西部地区贫困流动性较弱,存在持续贫困的现象;由于教育质量和平均受教育年限的权衡替代,教育支出的减贫效果不显著;教育质量对城市减贫的作用比平均受教育年限更为显著;平均受教育年限对西部农村贫困减缓具有"门槛"效应,且现阶段教育效能对农村减贫的整体作用为负。由于离技术前沿距离较远,中等教育对西部城乡减贫的意义更为显著。

This article constructs a theoretical model to analyze the relationships among effective education,education structure and poverty reduction.It also tests the effect of education on poverty reduction by using the dynamic panel dataset of west China in 2000-2010.It shows that there exists persistent poverty in Western China,education expenditure has no significant influence on poverty reduction because of the tradeoff between education quality and quantity,the education quality can achieve more poverty reduction in urban areas than the education quantity does,the education quantity has a threshold effect on rural poverty reduction,and effective education has negative influence on poverty reduction.Western China is so far away from technology frontier,therefore the secondary school education becomes more effective to reduce rural poverty in west China.