灌溉对草坪草蒸散和坪用质量的影响

Effects of Irrigation on Evapotranspiration and Quality of Turfgrass

以盐城市常用暖季型草坪草沟叶结缕草[Z.matrella(L.)Merr.]和普通狗牙根[Cynodon dactylon(L.) Pers.]以及冷季型草坪草高羊茅品种翠碧(Festuca arundinacea cv.Triplet)和早熟禾品种解放者(Poa pratensis cv. Liberator)为试验材料,研究了它们在充分灌水条件下蒸散量差异,月蒸散量和日蒸散量变化特点以及非充分灌水条件下蒸散特点和坪用价值。研究结果显示4种草坪草之间蒸散量存在显著差异,冷季型草坪草的蒸散量显著的高于暖季型草坪草;试验期间,各草坪草的月蒸散量低谷出现在7月份,高峰出现8月份;供试材料的日蒸散量随着温度的变化呈现先升高后降低的特点;4种草坪草的蒸散量随着土壤含水量降低而显著的下降,在土壤持水量60%～80%的情况下,草坪质量均可以达到满意的效果。本研究将对4种草坪草的水分管理和节水灌溉提供基本的试验依据。

Taking Z. matrella （L.） Merr. , Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers. , Festuca arundinacea cv. Triplet and Poa pratensis cv. Liberator as experiment materials, their evapotranspiration differences, monthly and daily variation characteristics under sufficient irrigation and characteristics of evapotranspiration and turfgrass quality under insufficient irrigation are studied in this paper. The results show that significant differences exist among the evapotranspiration of four turfgrass. The evapotranspiration of warm-season turfgrass is significantly higher than that of cool-season. The monthly evapotranspiration of four turfgrasses appears low ebb in July and then a peak in August during the experiment, the daily evapotranspiration increases at first and then decreases along with the change of temperature. The evapotranspiration of four turf grasses significant decreases with the decrease of soil water content. The satisfactory effect of turfgrass quality can be got when the soil water content is at 60%-80%. This study result will provide test basis for water management and water-saving irrigation of four turfgrasses in Yancheng city, Jiangsu province.