聚集诱导发光应用研究进展

Recent Application Progress on Aggregation-Induced Emission

传统的荧光化合物在聚集态时,会导致荧光猝灭;而聚集诱导发光(AIE)化合物在溶液中单分子状态时呈现弱的荧光,但当形成聚集态时发出强的荧光,这是由于分子内旋转受阻(RIR)和聚集形态的改变所致.综述了2008年以来聚集诱导发光最新应用研究进展,如用以检测离子、气体、有机小分子、爆炸物、蛋白、酶等化学/生物传感器;向传统的聚集引起猝灭化合物引入AIE单元,制备高效固态发光器件等;通过压力、热、溶剂蒸汽等调控聚集态,构建可逆的刺激性多重响应材料;发展与生物体具有良好兼容性的聚集体杂化纳米颗粒(如荧光硅纳米颗粒、聚合物胶束、电解质等),以用于生物体内成像、结构解析及检测等.

Luminescence of conventional fluorophores often becomes weakened or quenched at high concentration or solid state. In contrast, some are non-luminescent in solution but highly emissive in the aggregate or solid state, so called ＂aggrega- tion-induced emission （AIE）＂, which might be resulted from the restriction of intramolecular rotation （RIR） and changes in aggregate morphology. Herein, the latest progress on AlE since 2008 is reviewed, such as： （i） developing chemo- or bio-sensors for detecting ions, gas, small molecules, explosives, proteins, enzymes and so on; （ii） incorporating the AlE unit to realize highly luminescent solid emitters, especially for OLEDs （organic light-emitting diodes）; （iii） tuning the aggregation morphology to construct reversible multi-responsive materials stimulated by pressure, heat or solvent vapor; （iv） due to the biocompatibility of aggregate nanoparticles, developing hybrid materials including fluorescent silica nanoparticles, polymeric micelles and electrolytes for applications in cell imaging, structure analysis and bioassay.