闽楠地理分布格局及其气候特征研究

Distribution Pattern of Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang and the Characteristics of Climate

闽楠是我国特有的一个珍贵用材树种与优良观赏树种,具有重要的生态、经济和观赏价值,在研究中,通过文献检索和实地调查的方法,对闽楠的天然分布格局及其影响因素进行综合分析,重点分析天然分布区的气候特征。结果表明,闽楠主要分布在24.18°～30.29°N,106.2°～121.51°E,海拔在40～1 220 m,分布区的气候特征为年平均温度最适范围为16.45～20.55℃,平均值为18.50℃;最高月均温最适范围为26.56～30.04℃,平均值为28.30℃;最低月均温最适范围为4.88～10.55℃;温暖指数最适范围为140.42～184.91℃;寒冷指数最佳范围为-1.96～0.23℃。年降水量平均值为1 505.65 mm,年蒸腾量平均值为979.57 mm,湿润指数为9.31,属于湿润、潮湿的范围,闽楠生境条件温暖而湿润。通过主成分分析,找出了影响闽楠地理分布的主要因子,各因子按照影响大小的排列次序依次为:热量因子、降水因子、低温因子、高温因子。

Phoebe bournei（ Hemsl. ）Yang was one of the peculiar trees to China, with great value in ecology, economy and landscape. In this study, the natural distribution patterns of Phoebe bournei（ Hemsl. ）Yang and the factors which can influence the pattern especially the climate characters were studied. The results showed that the Phoebe bournei（ Hemsl. ）Yang had a distribution mainly between 24.18° -30.29°N, 106.2° -121.51°E,40- 1 220 m, the most appropriate mean annual temperature ranged from 16.45 -20.55 ℃, the highest mean months temperature ranged from 26.56 - 30.04 ℃, the lowest months temperature was 4.88 - 10.55 ℃, and the warm index was 140.42 - 184.91 ℃, the cold index was - 1.96 - 0.23 ~C. and the precipitation mean was 1 505.65 mm, the PET mean was 979.57 ram. The principal component analysis showed that the relative effect of climate indexes on the distribution of Phoebe bournei （ Hemsl. ） Yang followed the order that thermal factor in thermal factors 〉 precipitation and PET factors 〉 cold factors 〉 hotness factors.