葡萄沟顶叶甲在南宁市的发生与防治

Occurrence and control measures for Scelod ontalezoisii Baly in Nanning

【目的】观察葡萄沟顶叶甲在南宁市的发生规律，并进行药剂防治试验，为有效防治葡萄沟顶叶甲危害，提高葡萄品质提供参考。【方法】以中国一东盟（南宁）现代农业园区内的葡萄树为观察对象，记录2009～2011年葡萄沟顶叶甲的发生时间、发生特点及为害部位等，并选用80％敌敌畏乳油、2．5％溴氰菊酯乳油、5％氰戊菊酯乳油、50％辛硫磷乳油、48％毒死蜱乳油、90％晶体敌百虫和2．5％功夫乳油进行葡萄沟顶叶甲药剂防治试验，统计防治效果。【结果】葡萄沟顶叶甲在南宁市1年发生1代，为害时间为3—6月，主要为害展叶期葡萄的嫩叶、嫩梢和花梗，越冬成虫主要分布在葡萄根际半径15cm、深5om土层内。在成虫出土前采取根际覆土、盖膜等措施，可减少葡萄沟顶叶甲对葡萄的危害。50％辛硫磷乳油、48％毒死蜱乳油对葡萄沟顶叶甲成虫的防效达100．O％，2．5％功夫乳油、5％氰戊菊酯乳油的防效达90．0％以上，80％敌敌畏乳油、90％晶体敌百虫、2．5％溴氰菊脂乳油对葡萄沟顶叶甲的防效为79．3％～87．1％。【防治措施】采取人工振落捕杀葡萄沟顶叶甲成虫及幼虫，在成虫出土前于葡萄根际覆土、盖膜，在葡萄叶片伸展期喷洒50％辛硫磷乳油、48％毒死蜱乳油、2．5％功夫乳油和5％氰戊菊酯乳油等，均可有效轻减和控制葡萄沟顶叶甲的危害。

[ Objective ]In order to provide references for effectively controlling Scelod ontalezoisii Baly on grape, improving grape quality, and guaranteeing healthy development of grape industry in Nanning, occurrence regularity of Seelod ontalezoisii Baly was observed and chemical control test was conducted. [ Method ]Occurrence time and characteristics, damaged position, and regularity of Scelod ontalezoisii Baly was recorded; seven chemicals viz., 80% dichlorvos EC, 2.5% cyhalothrin EC, 5% fenvalerate EC, 50% phoxim EC, 48% chlorpyrifos EC, 90% dipterex and 2.5% cyhalothrin EC were used for controlling Scelod ontalezoisff Baly in China-ASEAN Demonstration Park for Modem Agriculture of Nanning City from 2009 to 2011. [Result]Scelod ontalezoisii Baly occurred one generation per year, and mostly damaged grape young leaves, tender shoots, and pedicels from March to June. Overwintering adults of the insect mainly dispersed in soil of 5 cm depth with radius of 15 cm in the rhizosphere. Earth covering and plastic film mulching before imago coming out of the soil may reduce its harm to grape. Control efficacy of 50% phoxim EC and 48% chlorpyrifos EC reached 100%, 2.5% cyhalothrin EC of 3000 folds and 5% fenvalerate EC showed the control efficacy of above 90%, and the con- trol efficacy of 80% diehlorvos EC, 90% dipterex and 2.5% cyhalothrin EC were 79.3-87.1%. [Conclusion]Taking measures, such as labor hunting imagoes and larvas, earth covering, and plastic film mulching, before imago unearth and spraying chemicals （50% phoxim EC, 48% chlorpyrifos EC, 2.5% cyhalothrin EC or 5% fenvalerate EC） in blade extension period could all effectively alleviate and control the harm of Scelod ontalezoisii Baly to grape.