斑菲尔晚熟脐橙果实生长发育规律研究

Fruit growth and development regularity of late maturing Barnfield navel orange

【目的】研究斑菲尔脐橙在桂林市的果实生长发育规律,为制定促进果实膨大技术措施提供理论依据。【方法】2010年1月～2011年12月,在每年开花期观察斑菲尔脐橙初花期、盛花期、谢花期和生理落果期,在第2次生理落果结束后测量果实纵、横径。【结果】斑菲尔脐橙果实生长曲线呈抛物线生长,不同年份其生长曲线存在一定差异,2010年斑菲尔脐橙在9月上旬前果实纵径大于横径,9月上旬后果实横径大于纵径,果实呈近圆形;2011年整个果实生长过程中,果实横径均大于纵径。斑菲尔脐橙果实生长速率从6～12月均呈正增长,但两年的结果差异较大,2010年果径增长有两个高峰,而2011年仅有1个高峰。【结论】斑菲尔脐橙果实生长曲线呈抛物线生长,不同年份其生长曲线存在一定差异。6～7月是斑菲尔脐橙果实迅速膨大期,每年的5～6月应加强肥水管理,以确保果实正常生长发育。

[Objective ]The aim of this research was to find out the growth and development rules of Barnfield navel orange fruit and provide theoretical references for promoting fruit enlargement. [ Method ]From January 2010 to December 2011, different stages of Barnfield navel orange fruit were observed and recorded during the initial flowering period, peak flowering period, late flowering period and fruit dropping period annually. Fruit vertical and transverse diameter was measured after the second physiological fruit dropping. [ Result ]The growth curve of Barnfield navel orange showed a parabola, which varied differently during the two years of research. Fruit vertical diameter was bigger than transverse diameter before early September 2010, but after early September 2010, transverse diameter was bigger than vertical diameter. Fruit vertical diameter was always bigger than transverse diameter during the whole fruit growth in 2011. Growth rate of Barnfield navel orange was on the rise from June to December, but were different once year to the next. There were two peaks in diameter growth in 2010, while there was only one in 2011. [ Conclusion ]The growth curve of Barnfield navel orange was a parabola, which varied in the two years of research. Fruit rapidly swelled in June-July, consequently followed by fertilizer management. By supplying enhanced organic fertilizer during every May-June, the normal growth and development of the fruit can be ensured.